RE: Love Scent 25% Discount Code
05-23-2013 2:24 PM
Greetings Love Scenters
Hope you are well and enjoying some Spring weather. After what appeared to be endless fine weather here in the Pacific NW, we are getting hit with quite a storm at the moment.
* I came across an interesting article on pheromones in an ancient edition of the Pheronews and am reprinting it in its entirety today, so be sure to read on.
* 25% off everything (except combos) from now to Memorial Day
use coupon code: "WeSaluteYou"
* Finally got an answer for IMPI fans (see below)
* Beta testers! Please turn in your questionnaires ASAP.
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FEATURE ARTICLE
PHEROMONES 101:
A Starters Guide to Pheromone Science
by Dale Andrews for Love-Scent.com
For many people, the human sciences are a fascinating but somewhat murky realm, filled with complex terms and indecipherable jargon. Some of the words might sound familiar from that early morning Biology class you snoozed through, but generally speaking it's a dry and technical area unless you happen to have a background in biology or chemistry.
Still, if you're like most of us, you also have a great deal of curiosity about human sexuality. And if you're reading this, it's clear that you're also curious about human pheromones and the role they play in our sexual and reproductive behavior. Maybe you've seen some of the marketing hype that claims human pheromones are the "ultimate aphrodisiac." Or, maybe you stumbled upon an article in some scientific journal that was so dense with "science speak" it was like reading a foreign language.
If you want to know some of the basics about human pheromones, then read on! The following article will provide a glimpse into this relatively new science.
What are pheromones?
The term "pheromone" was coined by researchers in the 1950s and comes from the ancient Greek words pherein (to carry) and hormon (to excite). Pheromones can be thought of as chemical "messengers" that have the potential to evoke responses in others of the same species. Female rats, for example, will raise their rumps in a mating posture upon catching a whiff of a pheromone from the male of the species.
For a long time, scientists and the general public believed that humans were so highly evolved that there was no longer any such thing as a human pheromone. Much of the reasoning was centered on the argument that humans didn't posses a specialized organ in the nose - the vomeronasal organ (VNO) - that acts as a pheromone detector in most mammals. However, by the 1990s researchers had found that humans do indeed possess a VNO, and more recent research has shown that the organ will respond to tiny amounts of pheromone (or pheromone-like) substances [1].
While scientists still haven't shown that the human VNO is fully functional (i.e. connected to the brain) there is evidence to suggest that the normal sense of smell can pick up chemical signals. Whether the communication happens through our normal sense of smell or the VNO, one thing is clear: our body odors can unconsciously affect others. Numerous studies have shown that the chemical substances (in sweat and other odorous bodily secretions) can affect the behavior and hormone levels of people around us. Female pheromones, for example, can regulate ovulation in other women [2], and chemicals produced in male sweat can influence the mood and hormone levels of females [3].
It still isn't known just how many pheromones are produced by humans, but most studies have focused on two chemicals - androstenone and androstenol. Androstenone is characterized by its somewhat urinous scent and androstenol has a specific musky odor. These odorous substances are only produced by sexually mature humans and are found in greater concentration in males. Interestingly, these same chemicals are found in other species including swine.
Do pheromones affect us?
While there is plenty of evidence to suggest that pheromones do affect our social and reproductive behavior, the exact role of these chemical signals is something that remains elusive.
In most studies, androstenol has generally caused females to see males as more attractive. One team of researchers gave 38 men and 38 women a necklace with a pendant containing androstenol, which they wore while sleeping. The next morning, the subjects' social interactions were measured and it was found that women wearing the necklace had much more intensive contact with men [4].
In another study, volunteers were asked to rate photographs of men and women. Volunteers who were under the influence of androstenol rated the photos of women as sexier and more attractive, and rated the photos of men as warmer and friendlier [5].
Androstenone's effects are somewhat more difficult to understand. Researchers took a group of male and female volunteers and exposed them to androstenone. The men and women were shown a photograph of a male and then asked for their thoughts. Women reported their own mood to be less "sexy" when exposed to the chemical; men, on the other hand, thought the male in the photo was "passive" or they reacted favorably, if they liked the smell of androstenone [6].
A clue may be the fact that women can react differently to both androstenol and androstenone on different days of their menstrual cycle [7]. One theory is that the two substances are a signaling system. In one study, female volunteers who were ovulating actually rated the smell of androstenone as more pleasant, compared to other days of their cycle. There seems to be a change in the emotional evaluation of males, triggered by the reaction to androstenone [8].
Further complicating the issue is the fact that the sexy androstenol will quickly oxidize to produce smelly androstenone [9].
Fortunately, the role of other human pheromones is somewhat clearer. For instance, vaginal secretions, known as copulins, have been shown to increase male testosterone levels; in fact, the copulins produced during ovulation can boost male testosterone by 150 per cent. Copulins may have evolved to make a female's attractiveness less important for males [10].
Still a new science
There is still much to learn about the role of pheromones and odor in human behavior and sexuality. Why, when we have such a detailed knowledge about other areas, is this particular field still lagging?
One answer is that there has been something of a stigma attached to "sex research." In fact, some researchers claim that despite its prevalence in modern advertising, sex is still a dirty word when it comes to research. Policy makers or funding groups may shy away from supporting research that deals with sexual subject matter, for fear of being seen as supporting promiscuity or nontraditional sexual behaviors. [11]
But, perhaps the real answer lies in the complexity of the human animal and the difficulty in measuring our behavior. It isn't as simple or easy to measure human behavior as it might be to measure the actions or reactions of a moth or rodent.
It should come as no surprise, however, that scientists are catching up. And with an increasing number of researchers working to unravel the mysteries of human odor and pheromones, perhaps one day soon we'll know just what our bodies are trying to say.
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References
1. Monti-Bloch L, Grosser BI. Effect of putative pheromones on the electrical activity of the human vomeronasal organ and olfactory epithelium. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1991; 39:573-82.
2. Stern K, McClintock MK. Regulation of ovulation by human pheromones. Nature 1998; 392:177-9.
3. Preti G, Wysocki CJ, Barnhart K, Sonheimer SJ, Leyden JJ. Male axillary extracts effect lutenizing hormone (LH) pulsing in female recipients. Poster presentation at the 23rd Association for Chemoreception Sciences Annual Meeting; 2001.
4. Cowley JJ, Brooksbank BWL. Human exposure to putative pheromones and changes in aspects of social behavior. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1991; 39:647-59.
5. Kirk-Smith M, Booth DA, Carroll D, Davies P. Human social attitudes affected by androstenol. Res Comm Psychol Psychiat Behav 1978; 3:379-84.
6. a. Filsinger EE, Braun JJ, Monte WC, Linder DE. Human (Homo sapiens) responses to the pig (Sus scrofa) sex pheromone 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one. J Comp Psychol 1984; 98:219-22.
b. Filsinger EE, Braun JJ, Monte WC. Sex differences in response to the odor of alpha androstenone. Percept Mot Skills 1990; 70:216-8.
7. Maiworm RE. Influence of androstenone, androstenol, menstrual cycle, and oral contraceptives on the attractivity ratings of female probands. Paper presented at the Ninth Congress of ECRO; 1990.
8. Grammer K. 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one: A Male Pheromone? A Brief Report. Ethol Sociobiol 1993; 14:201-8.
9. Labows JN, Preti G, Hoelzle E, Leyden E, Kligman A. Steroid analysis of human apocrine secretion. Steroids 1979; 34:249-58.
10. Jutte A. Female Attractiveness and Copulins. In (Eds.) M. Taborsky & B. Taborsky. Advances in Ethology 32, Supplements to Ethology. Contributions to the XXV International Ethological Conference, Vienna, Austria, 20-27 August, 1997. p.49.
11. Sankaran N. SEX: Still A Bad Word For Some People. The Scientist 1994; 6:15-21
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Get 25% off everything (except combos) from now to Memorial Day
use coupon code: "WeSaluteYou" on check out
Many other discounts that can be used in conjunction!
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IMPI fans!
Under a deluge of inquiries about the change in the fragrance of the various scented IMPIs, we launched an investigation and finally found the problem. Fans of the fantastic IMPI red were particularly vocal, and I'm happy to report, the next batch will return to the previous and popular formula/fragrance. Sorry for all the trouble. I'm an IMPI red fan myself.
Many thanks for shopping with us
Bruce
Love-Scent.com
My thread >
http://pherotruth.com/Thread-Sex-pills-a...nt-reviews
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Love Scent 25% Discount Code
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